Economic rent and the framework for interpreting cultural landscapes

Contact Us Understand Cultural Landscapes Put simply, a cultural landscape is a historically significant property that shows evidence of human interaction with the physical environment The National Park Service defines a cultural landscape as a geographic area, including both cultural and natural resources and the wildlife or domestic animals therein, associated with a historic event, activity, or person, or exhibiting other cultural or aesthetic values. There are four non-mutually exclusive types of cultural landscapes. Here are just some examples of each of the landscape types in the National Park System.

These are as follows: This city is the market for surplus products from the hinterland and receives products from no other areas. The hinterland ships its surpluses to no other market except the city. There is a homogeneous physical environment, including a uniform plain around the city.

There is only one mode of transport — the horse and wagon as this was Transportation costs are directly proportional to distance, and are borne entirely by the farmers, who ship all produce in a fresh state.

The location of crops, according to him, is determined by: The transport cost varies with the bulk and the perishability of the product. The crop with the highest locational rent for the unit of land will always be grown, since, it gives the greatest returns and all farmers attempt to maximise their profit.

As the market price of A is greater than B, the total revenue is higher at the market for A than B. Thus, the market of the locational rent of A is greater than B, because production costs are the same and no transport costs are incurred.

Where are the most desirable farming locations situated? For every farmer, regardless of the crop or type of livestock raised, the answer is indisputable: The market is the destination for agricultural goods produced throughout the region.

Next, assume that all the land in the heretofore undifferentiated landscape is placed on the auction block at the same time. The myriad of vegetable, dairy, mixed crop and livestock, wheat, and cattle-ranch land users eagerly submit their rent-bids to the landowners.

All these actors prefer to purchase the right to use farmland near the market. However, vegetable farmers have a higher relative rent-paying ability near to the market than their competitors; hence, at the auction the vegetable farmers will outbid all the others.

The vegetable producers will thereby acquire the right to farm the land adjacent to the market. The bidding continues after vegetable farmers are accommodated. Since, dairy farmers rank next highest in rent-paying ability, they will successfully outbid the remaining contestants for locations in the next most accessible zone.

Dairy farmers, too, arrange themselves in a circular fashion. There arises a definite formation of concentric rings of different land uses circumscribing the market Figure The completed pattern of production rings is shown in Figure On the basis of the above-mentioned assumptions, von Thunen constructed a general land use model; having a number of concentric zones around a market town its three stages of growth have already been mentioned.

The more distant belts would specialise in products which were less in weight and volume but fetched higher price in the market as they could afford to bear relatively higher transportation costs.

(PDF) Report 1: Setting the Theoretical Scene

The final model was conceived as having specialised agricultural enterprises and crop-livestock combination. Each belt, according to von Thunen, specialises in the production of those agricultural commodities to which it was best suited Figure It becomes clear from Figure In this zone, the fertility of land was maintained by means of manuring and, if necessary, additional manure was brought from the city and transported to short distances to the farm.

The Zone II was used for production of wood, a bulky product in great demand in the city as a fuel in the early part of the 19th century. He showed, on the basis of his empirical data, that forestry yielded a higher locational rent, since its bulkiness meant relatively higher transport cost.

The Zone III represents crop farming where rye was an important market product, followed by other farming zones with a difference of the intensity of cultivation. As the distance from the market increased, so the intensity of rye production decreased with a consequent reduction in yields.

There was no fallowing and manuring to maintain soil fertility. In the next Zone IV the farming was less intensive.Memorial landscapes: analytic questions and metaphors Their sustained interest in the subject reflects an understanding of the social condition of commemoration and the important role that space plays in the process and politics of collective memory.

Start studying Culture and Landscape - Geo.. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Search. -Areas in which there is a degree of homogeneity in cultural characteristics concept of economic rent (borrows this idea came from David Ricardo), normative approach to location theory.

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The economic rent considering three crops (horticulture, forest products and intensive arable cereals) has been plotted in Figure , while Figure shows a simplified model of . A cultural landscape is a physical area with natural features and elements modified by human activity resulting in patterns of evidence layered in the landscape, which give a place its particular character, reflecting human relationships with and attachment to.